Project of NGO

                NGO :

 GOALS (= the thing we want to contribute to) Reduce child mortality in developing countries (= UN Millennium Development Goal #4) Promote global partnerships for development especially to provide access to affordable, essential drugs in developing countries (part of UN Millennium Development Goal #8) CURRENT OBJECTIVES We work to a set of SMART (measurable) objectives. Our objectives are reviewed regularly. Our current objectives are available on request. Please email act [at] colalife [dot] org. Introduction The Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Network of the Global Environment Facility (GEF), now known as the GEF-NGO Network, was established in May, 1995. It was the result of a GEF Council decision to establish a formal dialogue and partnership between NGOs worldwide and the GEF Secretariat, the GEF Council, the GEF Assembly and various partner agencies. The GEF-NGO Network is made up of GEF-accredited organizations1 whose work in environment and sustainable development is aligned with the GEF mandate. The GEF-NGO Network is overseen by a Coordination Committee composed of focal points from different geographic regions and representatives of Indigenous People’s Organizations (IPOs). The work of the Network is coordinated by an elected Central Focal Point (CFP) and oveseen by a global Coordinating Committee. Review Through the Universal Periodic Review, the Human Rights Council will review, on a periodic basis, the fulfilment by each of the 193 United Nations Member States of their human rights obligations and commitments. A review of a State is based on a national report prepared by the State under review; a compilation of United Nations information on the State under review prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR); and a summary of information submitted by other stakeholders (including civil society actors), also prepared by OHCHR. The review itself takes place in Geneva in a session of the Working Group on the UPR, which is composed of the 47 member States of the Human Rights Council. The review takes the form of an interactive dialogue between the State under review and the member and observer States of the Council. At the end of each review, the Working Group adopts an outcome document, which is subsequently considered and adopted by the Human Rights Council at a later session. (a) Contributions to UPR documentation by “Other Stakeholders”, including civil society and national human rights institutions The UPR process provides for the participation of all relevant stakeholders, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and national human rights institutions (NHRIs). Civil society actors and NHRIs can submit information which can be added to the “other stakeholders” report which is considered during the review. Information they provide can be referred to by any of the States taking part in the interactive discussion during the review at the Working Group meeting. NGOs can attend the UPR Working Group sessions and can make statements at the regular session of the Human Rights Council when the outcome of the State reviews are considered. Stakeholders should follow the technical guidelines for stakeholders submissions issued by OHCHR, to send written contributions to UPR documentation. Additional Technical guidelines for the submission of information by national human rights institutions (PDF) have also been issued by OHCHR. Stakeholders’ submissions should be sent through the anew On-line UPR submissions system to register contributions for the UPR documentation from UN entities and stakeholders available (as of 4 March 2013). Important note: all UPR submissions must be submitted and received (through the On-line system for registration of contributions) not later than the day of the given deadline (11:59 p.m.). Late submissions will not be considered. Should organizations encounter technical problems using the new system, please contact the UPR Submissions Helpdesk through the following email address Conclusion Over the last 60 years an almost explosive growth of NGOs for the promotion and the defence of human rights has taken place. At the time of the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, some 15 NGOs with consultative status were involved in this process. In 1993, some 1,500 NGOs participated at the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna. After the end of the East-West confrontation, the 1990s became the decade of the NGOs; they moved out of the shadows of the Cold War, entered the mainstream of engagement of civil society and have been gained in influence and power. In 1998, Theo van Boven, former Director of the UN Centre for Human Rights, valued this broad human rights movement as one of the most important and hopeful developments after World War II: "The emergence of all these organizations at the international scene and their activities within many nations of all five continents, Africa, Asia, the Americas from North to South, Australia and Europe, is more than symbolic evidence of the universality of the human rights constituency. This development constitutes the backbone of the human rights movement. Without the efforts and the input of this movement the global human rights situation would be bleaker." Individual Complaints Today, there are five UN treaty bodies, namely the Human Rights Committee (III.2) the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (III.3) the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (III.4) the Committee Against Torture (III.5) the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (III.8) which can receive individual communications provided the relevant State party has ratified the relevant optional protocol or made the necessary declaration (see chart 28). Two other options for individual complaints, the Optional Protocol to the ICESCR (III.1) and Article 77 of the ICMW (III.7), are not yet in force. The model form for communications should also be used for communications under the so-called extra-conventional mechanisms, addressed to Special Rapporteurs on specific countries or themes (cf. Chapter II). The activities of those mechanisms are based on communications received from various sources containing allegations of human rights violations. Besides the victims or their relatives local and/or international NGOs fulfill an important role. States Reports NGOs can play an important role by getting involved in the preparation of a periodic report of a State party (see chart 28 and chart 29); they can urge the responsible ministry to submit the report on time; ensure that the report is disseminated in the country concerned as well as the minutes of the Committee's debates on the report and the concluding observations; submit a parallel ("shadow") report to the report of a State party; submit information to the pre-sessional working groups which meet at the end of each session to prepare the following session; attend the meetings where the reports of States parties are examined (although no statements can be made, it is possible to consult committee members outside the meeting and to propose questions for them to pursue with the reporting State party). NGO Participation in Geneva and New York NGOs with consultative status may attend all public meetings of the Human Rights Council, the human rights committees of the treaty bodies, and working groups. Their main activities include lobbying on resolutions including suggested wording to be used; convening parallel informal meetings with experts, NGO and government representatives to consider action on specific countries or themes; submitting reports to special procedures; meeting with Special Rapporteurs on themes and countries. NGOs are well advised to concentrate their efforts, to "speak with one voice". The more NGOs cooperate and intensify the dialogue among themselves, the stronger NGOs can present their issues orally and in written form vis-a-vis experts and government representatives. The model of the NGO Group for the Convention on the Rights of the Child is a good example and should lead to the formation of similar coordinationg groups for the other UN treaty bodies. More Transparency Through NGO Activities Chart 30 offers an overview about the development of the status of UN human rights instruments between 1993 and 2010. The "network" of States parties to the eight human rights instruments treated in this book increased from 750 to 1,142 (including non-UN members). Undoubtedly, the UN human rights treaty system has its own record of success, although financial resource constraints led to a number of serious bottlenecks, such as the understaffed OHCHR, restriction of documents, constraints arising from the lack or delays in translation, huge backlog in States reports due under the various treaties. To-day, there are eight treaty bodies which have consolidated their methods of considering reports of States parties. They have developed and improved forms of coordination with each other. The committees make considerably greater use of NGO documentation and other information on human rights developments. However, there exist several "holes" in the network. It starts with the fact that many States parties made reservations and declarations. National NGOs should compile and discuss the number and the extent of the reservations and its implications in their countries. The failure of many States parties to submit reports, on time or at all, as well as the frequent presentation of reports of poor quality and the failure to follow established guidelines has been mentioned above. Again, national NGOs are advised to draw the public attention in their countries to those failures to fulfil and improve the regular reporting obligations. Furthermore, NGOs should get engaged in the translation, if necessary, and dissemination of the reports and also of the concluding observations of the treaty bodies at the national level. NGOs should also take an active role in critically examining the work of the UN treaty bodies so that more effective performance could be achieved. One important and necessary step consists of improving the rather uneven quality of the membership of the treaty bodies. Unfortunately, the terms "personal" and "experts" are interpreted in a rather flexible way. There is room for NGOs to have some kind of input into the electoral process which is presently lacking. Finally, the possibilities of concrete operational activities should be mentioned; in the context of "good governance" programmes, national human rights NGOs working on the ground can apply for financial support for projects which are subcontracted by donor countries and UN agencies.

 References BAER, Peter R.: Non-governmental Human Rights Organizations in International Relations. Basigstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, X, 199. BELL, Christine; KEENAN, Johanna: Human Rights Non-governmental Organizations and the Problems of Transition. In: Human Rights Quarterly 26/2: 330-372, May 2004.



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